Writing Expressions and Formulae

In a Nutshell

An expression describes a calculation in letters; a formula links an expression to a result with an equals sign.

An expression is a mathematical phrase that can contain numbers, letters, and operations but has no equals sign. For example, 3n+53n + 5 is an expression.

A formula links two or more variables with an equals sign. For example, the perimeter of a rectangle is

P=2l+2wP = 2l + 2w

To write an expression from words, identify the operation words: "sum" means add, "product" means multiply, "difference" means subtract, and "quotient" means divide. Translate each part step by step.

Expression builder The algebraic expression 2l + 2w broken into labelled parts. 2l + 2w coefficient variable operator constant This expression has 3 terms.

Type an expression or formula to see its structure. Try the perimeter formula above, or make up your own.

Watch it work

Question: A cinema charges £8 per adult and £5 per child. Write a formula for the total cost CC for aa adults and cc children.

Have a go

Q1. Write an expression for "5 more than a number nn".

Q2. Write an expression for "triple a number xx then subtract 4".

Q3. A taxi charges a £3 base fare plus £2 per mile. Write a formula for the cost CC of a journey of mm miles.

Q4. Write a formula for the area AA of a triangle with base bb and height hh.